"The content provided in this textbook is based on Microbiology by Wessner, Dupont, Charles, Neufeld, 3rd edition [2021]"--Title page verso

Includes bibliographical references and index.

PART I The Microbes 1 The Microbial World 1.1The Microbes Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research The Three Domains of Life Toolbox 1.1 Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification of RNA Genes 1.2Microbial Physiology, Genetics, and Cultivation Outlook 1.1 Creating Life in the Laboratory: The Miller–Urey Experiment 1.3Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology 1.4 Microbes Associated with Diseases 2 Bacteria and Archaea 2.1Morphology of Bacterial Cells Outlook 2.1 Making the Microbiology Laboratory Accessible 2.2The Cytoplasm 2.3The Cytoskeleton Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Magnetosomes: Uncovering the Structure of Bacterial Organelles 2.4The Cell Envelope Toolbox 2.1 The Gram Stain Outlook 2.2 The Protective Shells of Endospores 2.5The Cell Surface 2.6 Evolution of Archaea 2.7 Morphology of Archaeal Cells 2.8Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research The Role of Archaea in Our Digestive System Outlook 2.3 Extremophiles and Biotechnology 3 Eukaryotic Microorganisms 3.1Structure of Eukaryotic Cells Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Lipid Rafts: Organized Clustering of Lipids within a Membrane Toolbox 3.1 Using Microscopy to Examine Cell Structure Outlook 3.1 Hijacking the Cytoskeleton 3.2Diversity of Eukaryotic Microorganisms 3.3Replication of Eukaryotic Microorganisms 3.4The Origin of Eukaryotic Cells Outlook 3.2 Secondary endosymbiosis: The origins of an organelle with four membranes 3.5Interactions Between Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Animals, Plants, and the Environment 4 Virology 4.1A Basic Overview of Viruses Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research New Findings in the Packaging of DNA by the Model Bacteriophage T4 4.2Origins of Viruses Outlook 4.1 Ribozymes: Evidence for an RNA-Based World 4.3Cultivation, Purification, and Quantification of Viruses Toolbox 4.1 Cell Culture Techniques Outlook 4.2 Measurement of HIV Viral Load 4.4Diversity of Viruses Toolbox 4.2 Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) 4.5Virus-Like Agents 4.6Present Prospective in Virology 5 Microbial Metabolism 5.1Acquisition of Carbon, Energy, and Electrons 5.2Energy, Enzymes, and ATP Outlook 5.1 Who Needs Vitamins? 5.3ATP Synthesis 5.4Metabolism of Glucose Carbon Sources 5.5Respiration and the Electron Transport System Outlook 5.2 Electricigenic Bacteria and Microbial Fuel Cells 5.6Metabolism of Non-glucose Carbon Sources Toolbox 5.1 Metabolism and Rapid Bacterial Identification Systems 5.7Phototrophy and Photosynthesis Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Genome Sequence of a Deep Sea Symbiont 5.8Metabolism of Nitrogen and Sulfur 5.9Biosynthesis of Cellular Components PART II Microbial Genetics 6 Cultivating Microorganisms 6.1Factors Affecting Microbial Growth Toolbox 6.1 Phenotype Microarrays for Examining Microbial Growth 6.2Growing Microorganisms in the Laboratory Outlook 6.1 The Discovery of Helicobacter pylori Toolbox 6.2 FISHING for Uncultivated Microorganisms Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Bringing to Life the Previously Unculturable Using the Soil Substrate Membrane System (SSMS) 6.3Measuring Microbial Growth Outlook 6.2 Mycobacterium leprae, An Extraordinarily Slow-growing Pathogen Outlook 6.3 The Human Intestine: A Continuous Culture 6.4Preventing Microbial Growth 7 DNA Replication and Gene Expression 7.1The Role of DNA 7.2Replication of DNA Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Telomeres with Promoter Activity 7.3Transcription Toolbox 7.1 Using a Gel Shift Assay to Identify DNA-binding Proteins 7.4Translation 7.5The Effects of Mutations Outlook 7.1 Using Mutations to Control Viral Infections 8 Viral and their Replication 8.1Recognition of Host Cells Outlook 8.1 Identifying Emerging Viral Pathogens Toolbox 8.1 The Western Blot 8.2Viral Penetration and Uncoating 8.3Viral Replication Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research The Discovery of Reverse Transcriptase Outlook 8.2 Phage Therapy: Biocontrol for Infections 8.4Viral Assembly and Release 9 Bacterial Genetic Analysis and Manipulation 9.1Bacteria as Subjects of Genetic Research 9.2Mutations, Mutants, and Strains Toolbox 9.1 Isolating Nutritional Mutants 9.3Restriction Enzymes, Vectors, and Cloning 9.4Recombination and DNA Transfer Outlook 9.1 Plasmids That Produce Pathogens Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research The Discovery of Transduction 10 Microbial Genomics 10.1Genome Sequencing Outlook 10.1 Rate of DNA Sequencing Toolbox 10.1 Genome databases 10.2Genomic Analysis of Gene Expression 10.3Comparative Genomics Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Genome Sequence of a Killer Bug Outlook 10.2 The Minimal Genome 10.4Functional Genomics and Related Analyses 11 Regulation of Gene Expression 11.1Differential Gene Expression 11.2The Operon Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Tuning Promoters for Use in Synthetic Biology 11.3Global Gene Regulation Outlook 11.1 The Use of Lactose Analogs in Gene Expression Studies 11.4Post-Initiation Control of Gene Expression Toolbox 11.1 Using RNA molecules to decrease gene expression 11.5Quorum Sensing and Biofilm formation 11.6Two-Component Regulatory Systems 11.7Chemotaxis PART III Microbial Physiology and Ecology 12 Microbial Ecosystems 12.1Microbes in the Environment 12.2Microbial Community Analysis Toolbox 12.1 Flow Cytometry Outlook 12.1 Naming the Uncultured and Uncharacterized Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Insights into the Phylogeny and Coding Potential of Microbial Dark Matter 12.3Aquatic Ecosystems Outlook 12.2 Dead Zones 12.4Terrestrial Ecosystems 12.5Deep Subsurface and Geothermal Ecosystems 13 Symbiotic Microbiome 13.1Types of Microbe-Host Interactions 13.2Plant Microbiome Outlook 13.1 The Possible Impossible Vegan Patty 13.3Human Microbiome Toolbox 13.1 Germ-free and Gnotobiotic Animals Outlook 13.2 Food Probiotics—Do They Work? Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Fecal Bacteriotherapy: “Repopulation” of the Gut 13.4Herbivore’s Microbiome Outlook 13.3 Midichlorians—Not Just for Jedi Outlook 13.4 Death of Coral Reefs 14 Biogeochemical Cycles 14.1Nutrient Cycling Toolbox 14.1 Using Microarrays to Examine Microbial Communities: The GeoChip 14.2Cycling Driven by Carbon Metabolism Outlook 14.1 CO2 as a Greenhouse Gas and Its Influence on Climate Change 14.3Cycling Driven by Nitrogen Metabolism Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research The First Isolation and Cultivation of a Marine Archaeon 14.4Other Cycles and their Connections Outlook 14.2 Life in a World without Microbes Outlook 14.3 The Microbiology of Environmentally Toxic Acid Mine Drainage Toolbox 14.2 Biogeochemistry in a Bottle: The Winogradsky Column 15 Microbial Biotechnology 15.1Microorganisms for Biotechnology Outlook 15.1 Bioprospecting: Who Owns the Microbes? 15.2Genetic Engineering Toolbox 15.1 Site-Directed Mutagenesis Toolbox 15.2 Fusion Protein Purification Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Making a Synthetic Genome Outlook 15.2 The International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) Competition, Standard Biological Parts, and Synthetic Biology 15.3Red Biotechnology 15.4White Biotechnology Outlook 15.3 Biofuels: Biodiesel and Algae 15.5Green Biotechnology Toolbox 15.3 Plant Transformation Using Bacteria PART IV Microbes and Disease 16 Introduction to Infectious Diseases 16.1Microbes and their pathogenesis Toolbox 16.1 Measuring the Virulence of Pathogens 16.2Microbial Virulence Strategies Outlook 16.1 Genome Editing: A powerful and Controversial New Technique 16.3The Transmission of Infectious Diseases Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Epidemiology of an Infectious Disease 16.4Proving Cause and Effect in Microbial Infections Outlook 16.2 Animal models to Study Infectious diseases (Ex: Mice, Guinea Pigs, C. elegance etc.,) 16.5The Evolution of Pathogens 17 Clinical Microbiology and Immunology 17.1Immunity 17.2Barriers to Infection Outlook 17.1 Messy Mucus 17.3The Inflammatory Response 17.4The Molecules of the Innate System Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Mammalian Cells Can Recognize Bacterial DNA Toolbox 17.1 The Complement Fixation Test 17.5The Cells of Innate Immunity 17.6Invertebrate Defenses Toolbox 17.2 The Limulus Amoebocyte Assay for LPS 18 Adaptive Immunity 18.1Features of Adaptive Immunity 18.2T Cells 18.3Antigen Processing 18.4Antigen-Presenting Cells 18.5Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses Outlook 18.1 Too Much of a Good Thing? Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Attempting to Engineer a Virus to Improve Immunocontraception 18.6B Cells and the Production of Antibody Outlook 18.2 Vaccines Against T-independent Antigens Toolbox 18.1 Monoclonal Antibody (mAb) Production Toolbox 18.2 Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Outlook 18.3 Turning Antibody Upside Down 19 Bacterial Pathogenesis 19.1Bacterial Virulence Factors Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Escherichia Coli Injects Its Own Receptor Outlook 19.1 Iron, Vampires, Fashion, and the White Plague 19.2Bacterial Virulence Factors—Toxins Toolbox 19.1 Serotyping Outlook 19.2 The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly Side of Botulinum Toxin Outlook 19.3 Superabsorbent Tampons and Superantigens 19.3Survival in the Host: Strategies and Consequences Toolbox 19.2 The Tuberculin Test for Tuberculosis 19.4Evolution of Bacterial Pathogens 20 Viral Pathogenesis 20.1Recurring Themes in Viral Pathogenesis Outlook 20.1 Vertical Transmission of HIV 20.2Interactions with the Host: Strategies and Consequences Outlook 20.2 Viral Induction of Apoptosis 20.3Viral Infections and Cancer Toolbox 20.1 Immunoprecipitation Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Viruses that Cause Cancer by Affecting Cellular Proliferation Outlook 20.3 SV40 and Human Cancers 20.4Evolution of Viral Pathogens Outlook 20.4 SARS-CoV-2 variants and their Impact 21 Eukaryotic Pathogenesis 21.1Mechanisms of Eukaryotic Pathogenesis Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research An Experimental System for the Genomic Study of Dutch Elm Disease Outlook 21.1 Pneumocystis Jirovecii or Carinii : The Evolving Field of Taxonomy Outlook 21.2 Magic Mushrooms 21.2Pathogen Study: Plasmodium Falciparum Toolbox 21.1 Testing for Malaria 21.3Macroscopic Eukaryotic Pathogens 21.4Evolution of Eukaryotic Pathogens 22 Control of Infectious Diseases 22.1Historical Aspects of Infectious Disease Treatment and Control 22.2Antimicrobial Drugs 22.3Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Tracking Acquisition of Antibiotic Resistance In Real Time Toolbox 22.1 Drug Susceptibility Testing and MIC Outlook 22.1 The Pursuit of New Antibiotics: Why Bother? Outlook 22.2 Health Care-Associated Infections: A Recipe for Resistance 22.4Predicting and Controlling Epidemics 22.5Immunization and Vaccines Outlook 22.3 Variolation: Deliberate Infection with Smallpox Virus Outlook 22.4 The War Against Vaccines 23 The Microbiology of Food and Water 23.1Food Spoilage 23.2Food Preservation 23.3Food Fermentation 23.4Foodborne and Waterborne Illness 23.5Microbiological Aspects of Water Quality Outlook 23.1 Implications of Sludge Bulking Toolbox 23.1 Measuring Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Mini-Paper: A Focus on the Research Enhanced Biological Removal of Phosphorus Toolbox 23.2 Most Probable Number (MPN) Method APPENDIX A Scientific Articles APPENDIX B Microscopy APPENDIX C Taxonomy and Nomenclature of Microbes APPENDIX D Origin of Blood Cells GLOSSARY / INDEX

"Several features within the book will help our students understand and appreciate the science behind our knowledge. Each chapter begins with an opening vignette-a short story that frames a basic question within the context of both contemporary and historical issues-visually supported by a dynamic illustration. As the chapter unfolds, references back to the opening vignette are made repeatedly. At the conclusion of each chapter, an additional feature, The Rest of the Story, refers back to this opening vignette and art. This also ties into an active learning feature, Image in Action, that includes several critical-thinking questions. Each chapter contains a Mini-Paper, a synopsis of a scientific journal article that includes original data Questions for Discussion, and interactive online questions that focus on concepts and experimental design. Through the use of this feature, students will see how microbiologists ask intelligent questions, rationally design experiments, and evaluate data. In this edition, several new Mini-Papers have been included. Again, this feature will improve students' critical thinking skills and show them that our knowledge is evidence-based"-- Provided by publisher

College of Health Sciences Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology

Text in English