Includes bibliographical references and index.

Introduction to C History of C ANSI Standard Advantages of C Disadvantages of C C Program Life Cycle Write a C Program First C Program Compilation Linking Run the Program Reference Data Types, Variables, and Data Output Variables Rules for Naming Variables Variable Name Conventions Declaring Variables Assigning Values to Variables Constants #define Directive printf() Function Type Casting Exercises Unsolved Exercises Getting Input with scanf() scanf() Function Exercises Unsolved Exercises Operators Assignment Operator Arithmetic Operators Increment and Decrement Operators Relational Operators Exercises Not Operator ! Exercises Compound Operators Exercise Logical Operators Exercises Comma Operator Exercise sizeof Operator enum Type Bitwise Operators Exercise Shift Operators Exercises Operator Precedence Unsolved Exercises Program Control if Statement if-else Statement Nested if Statements Exercises Conditional Operator ? Exercises switch Statement Exercises Unsolved Exercises Loops for Statement Exercises break Statement continue Statement Exercises Nested Loops Exercises while Statement Exercises do-while Statement Exercises goto Statement Unsolved Exercises Arrays Declaring Arrays Accessing Array Elements Array Initialization Exercises Two-Dimensional Arrays Exercises Unsolved Exercises Pointers Pointers and Memory Declaring Pointers Pointer Initialization NULL Value Use a Pointer Exercises void* Pointer Use of const Keyword Pointer Arithmetic Exercises Pointers and Arrays Exercises Arrays of Pointers Exercises Pointer to Pointer Exercises Pointers and Two-Dimensional Arrays Exercises Pointer to Function Exercise Array of Pointers to Functions Unsolved Exercises Characters char Type Exercises getchar() Function Exercises Strings String Literals Storing Strings Exercises Writing Strings Exercise Pointers and String Literals Exercises Read Strings For a Safe Reading of Strings Exercises String Functions Exercises Exercises Exercises Two-Dimensional Arrays and Strings Exercises Unsolved Exercises Functions Function Declaration Return Type Function Parameters Function Definition return Statement Function Call Exercises Variables Scope Arrays as Arguments Exercises Function Call with Parameter Two-Dimensional Array Exercises Passing Data in main() Function Exercises Functions with Variable Number of Parameters Recursive Functions Exercises Unsolved Exercises Searching and Sorting Arrays Searching Arrays Exercises Exercises Sorting Arrays Exercises Structures and Unions Structures Exercise Unions Exercise Unsolved Exercises Memory Management and Data Structures Memory Blocks Static Memory Allocation Dynamic Memory Allocation memcpy() and memmove() Functions memcmp() Function Exercises Dynamic Data Structures Examples Exercises Unsolved Exercises Files Files in C Open a File Close a File Process a File Write Data in a Text File Exercises Read Data from a Text File Exercises End of File Write and Read Data from a Binary File Exercises feof() Function Exercise Unsolved Exercises Preprocessor Directives and Macros Simple Macros Macros with Parameters # and ## Preprocessor Operators Preprocessor Directives and Conditional Compilation Exercises Unsolved Exercises Review Exercises Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Appendix D Bibliography Index

College of Engineering and Computer Studies