Includes bibliographical references and index.

Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Leveling Off: Gender and Sexuality -- Chapter 3. Cultures and Rationalities -- Chapter 4. Women's ways of knowing -- Chapter 5. Gender-fair Language -- Chapter 6. Women: a sectoral situationer -- Chapter 7. Women, Development and the world -- Chapter 8. Gender Interests and Needs -- Chapter 9. Laws, Policies and Programs for Philippine Women -- Chapter 10. Theories and the origin of Women's Oppression - Chapter 11. The Western Women's Movement -- Chapter 12. Women in the Philippines -- Chapter 13. Women and Education -- Chapter 14. Women and work in the Philippines -- Chapter 15. Women and violence -- Chapter 16. Representation of women in the arts and media -- Chapter 17. Special Topics: Masculinity and SOGIE Equality -- Chapter 18. Conclusion.

Preface xi -- Acknowledgments xiii -- PART I -- CHAPTER 1: Introduction 2 -- CHAPTER 2: Leveling Off: Gender and Sexuality 9 -- Gender and Sexuality 11 -- Gender Stereotypes 17 -- SOGIE 18 -- Why Equate Gender Issues with Women's Issues 20 -- CHAPTER 3: Cultures and Rationalities 23 -- Instinct and Culture 24 -- CHAPTER 4: Women's Ways of Knowing Women and the Metaphor for Silence 30 -- Differences in Ways of Knowing: Women and Connectedness 32 -- Exclusion of Women in Disciplines 37 -- CHAPTER 5: Gender-fair Language 39 -- Language and Gender Relations 40 -- Philippine Culture and Language 43 -- Identities and Naming Things 44 -- Sexist Language and Culture 45 -- Toward a Gender-fair Language 45 -- CHAPTER 6: Women: A Sectoral Situationer 48 -- Sectoral Situationers 49 -- Women and the Economy: Women and Work 49 -- Women, Work, and Poverty in the Philippines 51 -- Women and Education 52 -- Women and Health 56 -- Violence Against Women 58 -- Women and Armed Conflict 58 -- Women in Power and Politic 61 -- Institutional Mechanisms and the Human Rights of Women 63 -- Discrimination Against the Girl-child 64 -- Women and the Environment 66 -- Women and Disaster 68 -- Women in the Indigenous Communities 69 -- Filipino Women in Other Sectors 71 -- CHAPTER 7: Women, Development, and the World 74 -- Growth and Development 75 -- Women and the Dominant Economic System 77 -- Gender and Development 80 -- Agriculture and the Values of Development 82 -- How Women Feed the World 84 -- Women in Relation to Development 88 -- Pro-women Perspectives on Development 90 -- CHAPTER 8: Gender Interests and Needs 96 -- Gender Interests and Needs in Development 97 -- Gender Interests 98 -- Gender Needs 99 -- Strategic Gender Needs 100 -- Challenges for the Fulfillment of Gender Needs in the Philippines 102 -- CHAPTER 9: Laws, Policies, and Programs for Philippine Women 104 -- Human Rights Approach 105 -- International Treaties for Women's Protection 106 -- Laws and Policies for Women in the Philippines 114 -- PART II -- CHAPTER 10: Theories on the Origin of Women's Oppression 122 -- Women's Oppression 123 -- Goddess Worship to God Worship 124 -- Eve and the Other 126 -- A Shift of Production 130 -- CHAPTER 11: The Western Women's Movement 134 -- Where Does Liberation Begin? 135 -- What Is Feminism? 136 -- The First Wave of Feminism: Women and Civil Rights 138 -- The Second Wave of Feminism and Women's Liberation 144 -- The Third Wave of Feminism 152 -- Summing Up the Western Feminist Movement 155 -- CHAPTER 12: Women in the Philippines 157 -- Women in the Pre-colonial Philippines 158 -- Women in the Hispanic Period 163 -- Women in the American Era 166 -- The Birth of Militant Groups with a Feminist Agenda 170 -- 10 Filipinas Who Advanced Modern Feminism in the Country 175 -- Current Forms of Oppression Against Filipino Women and Their Responses 180 -- Practical Feminism in the Philippines 182 -- PART III -- CHAPTER 13: Women and Education 186 -- Gender and Education 187 -- The Importance of Education: An International Perspective 188 -- Philippine Laws on Gender-Responsive and Gender-Fair Education 191 -- Gender and Development Markers in Education 194 -- Gender Issues in Education 197 -- Future Steps, Looking Forward 215 -- CHAPTER 14: Women and Work in the Philippines 217 -- Women in the Productive Sphere 218 -- Migrant Women 226 -- Women in the Informal Sector 228 -- Domestic Work and Domestic Workers 229 -- The Sex Trade 230 -- Women and the Domestic Sphere 232 -- CHAPTER 15: Women and Violence 237 -- Violence Against Women 238 -- Defining Violence Against Women 241 -- Types of Violence Against Women 242 -- The Impacts of VAW 254 -- Laws on VAW 256 -- Prevention and Response 256 -- CHAPTER 16: Representation of Women in the Arts and Media 260 -- Women in Western Art: The Beginning of Female Objectification? 262 -- Women in Advertising 266 -- Women in Film and the Film Industry 267 -- Women and Sexualization 269 -- Beauty as a Weapon Against Women 271 -- Beauty and the Western Ideal 273 -- Reclaiming the Media 274 -- CHAPTER 17: Special Topics: Masculinity and SOGIE Equality 277 -- Masculinity 278 -- SOGIE Equality 294 -- CHAPTER 18: Conclusion 301 -- References 305 -- Index 323 -- The Authors.

Gender and society was designed as a course for and about gender, particularly women and how women's liberation is a necessary condition for building a just a humane society.

"The second edition of Gender and Society: Fostering a Gender Equal Society introduces women--their status and plight in society and the world. It examines the problems of discrimination and inequality of women as a structurally oppressed gender. It also tackles women's liberation and empowerment and how movements from various parts of the globe have contributed to achieve gender equality. It is hoped that through this book, students will gain understanding and knowledge to become future leaders who will advocate for a more gender-responsive society."--About The Book.

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