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005			20240227153534.0
007			ta
008			230208t20232023nju b 001 0 eng c
010			_a 2022060204
020			_a9781119898726 _q(paperback)
040			_beng _erda _cHNU
042			_apcc
050	0	0	_aTH441 _b.P73 2023
082	0	0	_a690.21 P88 _223/eng/20230216 _3GC _b2023
245	0	0	_aPractical guide to diagnosing structural movement in buildings / _cedited by Malcolm Holland.
250			_aSecond edition.
263			_a2312
264		1	_aHoboken, NJ : _bWiley-Blackwell, _c2023.
264		4	_c©2023
300			_a xviii, 277 pages : _b illustrations ; _c21 cm
336			_atext _btxt _2rdacontent
337			_aunmediated _bn _2rdamedia
338			_avolume _bnc _2rdacarrier
500			_aEdition statement from publisher's website.
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references and index.
505			_aIntroduction ix List of Figures xii Acknowledgements xix Part 1 First Principles 1 1.1 First Principles 3 1.2 Crack Patterns and Cracks 8 1.3 Rotational Movement 9 1.4 Contra Rotational Movement 11 1.5 Weak Routes 14 1.6 Load Distribution 22 1.7 Movement and Orientation 26 1.8 Summary of First Principles and Process 28 Part 2 Cracks in Buildings Not Related to Foundations 31 2.1 Expansion Cracking 33 2.2 Cavity Wall Tie Corrosion 44 2.3 Corrosion of Metal Built into Walls 53 2.4 Vibration of Built-in Fixings 57 2.5 Roof Spread 60 2.6 Springing from Deflected Beams 67 2.7 Lack of Lateral Stability 70 2.8 Lack of Lateral Stability in Modern Gable Walls 76 2.9 False Chimneys, Lateral Instability and Movement in Gable Walls 79 2.10 Overloaded Beams 86 2.11 Absence of Lintels (Beams) Over Openings in Cavity Walls 91 2.12 Overloaded Floors 98 2.13 Overloaded Walls 102 2.14 Differential Movement 106 2.15 Arch Thrust and Arch Flattening 108 2.16 Arch Spread in Chimneys Built over Alleys in Terrace Housing 113 2.17 Buckling of Jambs to Sash Windows and Arch Flattening 118 2.18 Wall Shortening and Sequential Movement in Walls and Roofs (Holland’s Multiple Factor Diagnosis) 123 2.19 Load Path Cracking 135 2.20 Bulging of Walls Due to Decay of Bonding Timbers 138 2.21 Bulging and Separation in Solid Brick Walls 141 2.22 Separation of Rubble-Filled Stone Walls 144 2.23 Floor Slab Settlement (Compaction) 146 2.24 Load Concentrations 153 2.25 Sulphate Attack 155 2.26 Concrete Block Shrinkage 161 2.27 Shrinkage of Calcium Silicate Bricks 165 2.28 Heat Expansion of Flue Blocks 168 2.29 Floor Cracking in Suspended Concrete Beam and Block Floors 172 2.30 Vehicular Impact Damage (Usually Garages) 177 Part 3 Cracks in Buildings Related to the Foundations and Ground Movement 183 3.1 Introduction 185 3.1.1 Design for Load 187 3.1.2 Design for Stability 189 3.1.3 Identifying Below Ground Defects 190 3.2 Foundation Movement Caused by Clay Shrinkage 193 3.3 Clay Heave 201 3.4 Seasonal Expansion of Clay Subsoil 204 3.5 Eccentric Loading on Foundations 206 3.6 Uneven Loading 209 3.7 Load Concentrations on Foundations 211 3.8 Differential Foundation Movement 213 3.9 Initial Settlement after Construction or Alterations 218 3.10 Differential Foundation Settlement Cracking between Chimneys and Party Walls, in Alleys Running through Terraces 221 3.11 Leaking Drains and Water Discharge near to Buildings 225 3.12 Drains and Drain Trenches 228 3.13 Cracking Associated with Raft Foundations 231 Part 4 Repair Methods 241 4.1 Introduction 243 4.2 Re-pointing 245 4.3 Re-pointing with Epoxy Mortar 247 4.4 Stitching in Brickwork 248 4.5 Reinforcing Brick Mortar Joints 249 4.6 Tie Bars 251 4.7 Restraint Straps 254 4.8 Buttresses/Piers 256 4.9 Preventing Roof Spread 257 4.10 Underpinning 259 4.11 Expanding Foam Underpinning 263 4.12 Grouting 265 4.13 Root Barriers 267 Index 269
520			_a"It is often the layman's first reaction when cracking is observed in a building, that it must be the foundations and that it is serious. This is not true. In the vast majority of cases it is not subsidence or settlement of the foundations and in most cases cracks do not indicate a serious defect. So when analysing cracks, it is essential to always keep an open mind. A good rule of thumb for the beginner is to try to find what has caused the crack other than foundation movement. Only when all other possibilities have been ruled out, consider then whether it is foundation movement. In my experience (teaching university students and graduate surveyors) it is very difficult to instil this discipline. There is a great temptation to jump to a conclusion or to shortcut the process of analysis"-- _cProvided by publisher.
521			_aCOECS _bBachelor of Science in Civil Engineering
546			_aIn English
650		0	_aBuildings _xDefects.
650		0	_aEarth movements and building.
650		0	_aStructural analysis (Engineering).
650		0	_aBuilding failures.
650		0	_aBuildings _xRepair and reconstruction.
700	1		_aHolland, Malcolm, _eeditor.
710	2		_aJohn Wiley & Sons, _epublisher.
776	0	8	_iOnline version: _tPractical guide to diagnosing structural movement in buildings. _bSecond edition _dHoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell, 2023 _z9781119898733 _w(DLC) 2022060205
906			_a7 _bcbc _corignew _d1 _eecip _f20 _gy-gencatlg
942			_2ddc _cBK _h600-699